高校学生常见心理疾病及干预措施浅析

高校学生的心理正处于迅速走向成熟的阶段，是心理疾病高发群体，常见的心理疾病主要为神经症、精神分裂症、心身疾病、人格障碍及性行为异常。针对日趋严重的大学生心理问题，高校相关部门应重视加强大学生心理方面的健康教育，以预防大学生心理疾病的发生。     

Substantia nigra echogenicity correlated with clinical features of Parkinson's disease

BackgroundTranscranial sonography can display structural alterations in the substantia nigra (SN) of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and is considered to be a potential useful tool for the diagnosis of PD. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between SN echogenicity and clinical features in Chinese patients with PD.MethodsA total of 420 subjects including 290 patients with PD and 130 controls were recruited from the neurological clinic or the community. Transcranial sonographic evaluations of the SN were performed in all subjects, and motor and non-motor symptoms were thoroughly assessed by a series of rating scales in PD patients.ResultsTwo hundred and one patients were successfully assessed by transcranial sonography. SN hyperechogenicity was found to be associated with male sex (p = 0.004), higher scores on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part II (p = 0.001) and autonomic symptoms scores (p = 0.003). Moreover, regression analysis revealed that UPDRS part II scores (odds ratio = 1.141, p < 0.001) and gender (odds ratio = 2.409, p = 0.007) could be the independent predictors for SN hyperechogenicity; in addition, among all items of UPDRS part II, speech, dressing, hygiene, and turning in bed and adjusting bed clothes significantly correlated with SN hyperechogenicity.ConclusionsThis is the first report suggesting the correlation between SN echogenicity and UPDRS part II, and we conclude that increased SN echogenicity might reflect more severe disease disability or poorer medical response.     

National Priority Setting of Clinical Practice Guidelines Development for Chronic Disease Management

By November 2013, a total of 125 clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have been developed in Korea. However, despite the high burden of diseases and the clinical importance of CPGs, most chronic diseases do not have available CPGs. Merely 83 CPGs are related to chronic diseases, and only 40 guidelines had been developed in the last 5 yr. Considering the rate of the production of new evidence in medicine and the worsening burden from chronic diseases, the need for developing CPGs for more chronic diseases is becoming increasingly pressing. Since 2011, the Korean Academy of Medical Sciences and the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have been jointly developing CPGs for chronic diseases. However, priorities have to be set and resources need to be allocated within the constraint of a limited funding. This study identifies the chronic diseases that should be prioritized for the development of CPGs in Korea. Through an objective assessment by using the analytic hierarchy process and a subjective assessment with a survey of expert opinion, high priorities were placed on ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular diseases, Alzheimer''s disease and other dementias, osteoarthritis, neck pain, chronic kidney disease, and cirrhosis of the liver.     

Sprouty 1 predicts prognosis in human epithelial ovarian cancer

Sprouty proteins are evolutionary-conserved modulators of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling. We have previously reported inverse correlation of the Sprouty 1 (Spry1) protein expression with ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and survival. In the present study, the expression status of Spry1 protein and its clinical relevance in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were explored. Matched tumor and normal tissue samples from 100 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were immunohistochemically stained for Spry1. Expression of ERK, p-ERK, Ki67, FGF-2, VEGF and IL-6 and their correlation with Spry1 were also evaluated. In addition, correlation between Spry1 and clinicopathological characteristics and predictive significance of Spry1 for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analysed. Our data indicated that Spry1 was significantly downregulated in tumor tissues (p=0.004). Spry1 showed significant inverse correlation with p-ERK/ERK (p=0.045), Ki67 (p=0.010), disease stage (p=0.029), tumor grade (p=0.037), recurrence (p=0.001) and lymphovascular invasion (p=0.042). It was revealed that Spry1 low-expressing patients had significantly poorer OS (p=0.010) and DFS (p=0.012) than those with high expression of Spry1. Multivariate analysis showed that high Spry1 (p=0.030), low stage (p=0.048) and no residual tumor (p=0.007) were independent prognostic factors for a better OS, among which high Spry1 (p=0.035) and low stage (p=0.035) remained as independent predictors of DFS, too. We also found that the expression of Spry1 significantly correlates with the expression of Spry2 (p<0.001), but not that of Spry4. In conclusion, we report for the first time to our knowledge that Spry1 protein is downregulated in human epithelial ovarian cancer. Spry1 expression significantly impacts tumor behavior and shows predictive value as an independent prognostic factor for survival and recurrence.     

120急救中心院前急救患者的疾病谱探析

目的分析鹤岗市人民医院120急救中心院前急救患者的疾病谱特点。方法随机选取本院120急救中心院前急救患者1000例,分析患者在性别、年龄、疾病分布、死亡情况等方面的特点及其内在联系。结果各个年龄段的男女比例差异显著,P0.05,具有统计学意义。根据院前急救疾病谱,因受创伤而急救的患者比重最大,其次为脑血管疾病、心血管疾病、消化系统疾病等,创伤、脑血管疾病、心血管疾病等男女患者所占比重具有显著差异,P0.05,具有统计学意义。结论鉴于创伤、脑血管疾病、心血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病等是急救中心院前急救常见病症,医院在医疗设备的配置、人员的配备和培训上应给予重视,提高急救处理水平。     

H型高血压患者血压变异性与冠脉病变程度的关系

目的探讨H型高血压患者血压变异性与冠脉病变程度的关系。方法选择锦州市中心医院2017年1月-2018年12月收治的H型高血压患者349例,分为对照组(单纯H型高血压)186例和观察组(H型高血压+冠心病)163例。比较两组患者的日间收缩压(dSBP)、夜间收缩压(nSBP)及SCV;比较两组患者的日间舒张压(dSBP)、夜间舒张压(nSBP)及DCV,并对血压变异性与冠脉病变程度的关系进行探讨。结果两组dSBP.nSBP.SCV和dDBP.nDBP.DCV差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).Gensini评分=2.231+3.414×SCV+2.917×SCV。结论H型高血压患者血压变异性与患者冠脉病变程度密切相关,SCV和DCV是其独立危险因素。